102 search results for “topology” in the Public website
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Topology and Geometry in Chiral Liquids
We study the interplay of topology and geometry with chirality for several passive and active systems, employing both analytical and numerical methods.
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On electronic signatures of topological superconductivity
Promotor: Prof.dr. C.W.J. Beenakker
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On cluster algebras and topological string theory
My PhD research is devoted to studies of the conjectural cluster-algebraic symmetry in the theory of topological string, which is the simplest, however already non-trivial sector in the theory of string.
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Topological decoding of biomolecular fold complexity
Biological polymers, including proteins and the genome, undergo folding processes crucial for their proper functioning. Even slight changes in the folding structure of these biopolymers can have significant implications, leading to the development of various pathological conditions, such as neurodegenerative…
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The symmetry of crystals and the topology of electrons
Promotor: J. Zaanen, Co-Promotor: V. Juricic
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Topologies and convergence structures on vector lattices of operators
This thesis consists of three papers that are centered around the common theme of Hausdorff uo-Lebesgue topologies and convergence structures on vector lattices and on vector lattices and vector lattice algebras of order bounded operators.
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Crossed product algebras associated with topological dynamical systems
Promotor: S.M. Verduyn Lunel, Co-promotoren: M.F.E. de Jeu, S.D. Silvestrov
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Applications of topology to Weyl semimetals and quantum computing
This thesis covers various applications of topology in condensed matter physics and quantum information.
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Topological aspects of rational points on K3 surfaces
Promotor: P. Stevenhagen, Co-promotor: R.M. van Luijk
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Geometry and Topology in Active and Driven Systems
The key characteristic of active matter is the motion of an emergent collection (such as a flock of birds), which is driven by the consumption of energy by its active components (i.e. individual birds).
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Topological phases and phase transitions in magnets and ice
The main focus of this thesis is the behaviour of two-dimensional materials, namely (anti)-ferromagnetic materials in the first two chapters, which show topological phases, and energetic square ice in the third and fourth chapter.
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On topological properties of massless fermions in a magnetic field
Make more fluid: In condensed matter systems, electrons can acquire unusual properties from their interaction with the atomic lattice.
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Topologies: from field recording to phonography and the virtual
The insights leading to the present project firstly manifested themselves in 2008, when I worked with field recordings on the basis of relatively well-established notions in music composition studies, such as ‘musical material’ and écriture. With hindsight, I understand the outcomes of those first experiments…
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Topological quantities flow
Topology is an emerging field within many scientific disciplines, even leading to a Physics Nobel Prize in 2016. Leiden physicist Marcello Caio and his colleagues have now discovered the existence of topological currents in analogy to electric currents. Publication in Nature Physics on January 14th.
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On the random-matrix theory of Majorana fermions in topological superconductors
The thesis mainly contributes to the characterization of Majorana fermions as they appear in the Condensed Matter context.
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Leiden scientists develop topological barcodes for folded molecules
The team of Alireza Mashaghi at the Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research has found a way to determine and classify the shape of proteins. Their new theory defines the topology of proteins as a simple and precise barcode that allows the identification of all types of folds. ‘This barcode enables…
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Topology of polymer chains under nanoscale confinement: insights into genome folding
This month, a paper was published in Nanoscale by scientists from Dr. Alireza Mashaghi group at the Systems Biomedicine and Pharmacology Division in collaboration with the group of Dr. Sander Tans from TU Delft/AMOLF. In this paper, the authors studied how nanoscale spatial confinement affects the fold…
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Smart design carries sound one way
A new computer simulation shows the promising possibilities of the booming field of topology. Smartly designed mechanical structures carry sound exclusively one way and are immune to fabrication errors. Publication on 17 July in Nature Physics.
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On periodically driven quantum systems
Promotor: C. W. J. Beenakker, Co-promotor: J. K. Asboth
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Strategies for braiding and ground state preparation in digital quantum hardware
With the help of quantum mechanics, digital quantum hardware may be able to tackle some of the problems that are too difficult for ordinary computers. But despite these expectations and the ongoing effort of the research community, reliable quantum computers are not yet realized in a lab setting.
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Geometric phases in soft materials
Geometric phases lead to a nontrivial interference result when an electron's different quantum mechanical paths choices encircle a magnetic coil in an Aharonov-Bohm experiment.
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On the coexistence of Landau levels and superconductivity
In unconventional high temperature superconductors, supercurrent vortices are known to spoil the Landau levels. In this thesis the emergence of Landau levels is studied in different types of superconductors: Weyl superconductors, and the Fu-Kane heterostructure.
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Signatures of Majorana zero-modes in nanowires, quantum spin Hall edges, and quantum dots
Promotor: C.W.J. Beenakker, Co-promotor: M.T. Wimmer
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Material built from gears
A specifically designed collection of gears is soft on one end and rigid on the other. These are robust properties of the system that hold even in the presence of manufacturing imperfections. This emerging research area may lead to new ways of designing geared devices like satellite trackers or watches.…
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On transport properties of Majorana fermions in superconductors: free & interacting
Majorana fermions in superconductors are the subgap quasiparticle excitations that are their own antiparticles.
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Imperfections: using defects to program designer matter
Errors are everywhere, and mechanical failures are especially common: buckled grain silos and cracked support columns are, justly, seen as an issue to be avoided.
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Research lines
Physics and Engineering Approaches to Biomedicine and Pharmacology
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Physics and Engineering Approaches to Biomedicine and Pharmacology
Mashaghi lab conducts research at the interface of physics, engineering and biomedicine. We develop and use theoretical and experimental approaches to address basic and applied research problems.
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Computational speedups and learning separations in quantum machine learning
This thesis investigates the contribution of quantum computers to machine learning, a field called Quantum Machine Learning. Quantum Machine Learning promises innovative perspectives and methods for solving complex problems in machine learning, leveraging the unique capabilities of quantum computers…
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Lattice models for Josephson junctions and graphene superlattices
In this thesis we study quantum transport phenomena on the nanometer scale, in two classes of materials: topological insulators with induced superconductivity and graphene superlattices.
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Physics Nobel Prize to Former Lorentz Professor
The Nobel Prize in Physics 2016 goes to David Thouless, Michael Kosterlitz and Duncan Haldane for theoretical discoveries in the field of topological materials. Haldane spent part of 2008 in Leiden; he is the 14th Lorentz Professor to win a Nobel Prize.
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Participants
The CIGR comprises research groups from the Institute of Biology Leiden (IBL), the Leiden Institute of Chemistry (LIC), the Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR) and the Leiden Institue of Physics (LION).
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Quantum computation with Majorana zero modes in superconducting circuits
Promotor: C.W.J. Beenakker, Co-Promotor: A.R. Akhmerov
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Key publications
Key publications of the Medical Systems Biophysics and Bioengineeringgroup (Mashaghi Lab)
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Medical Systems Biophysics and Bioengineering
The ambition of the Medical Systems Biophysics and Bioengineering group led by Alireza Mashaghi is to develop and use physics and engineering concepts and tools for pathophysiology, diagnostics and therapy.
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Enumeration and Simulation of Lattice Polymers as Models for Compact Biological Macromolecules
Promotores: H. Schiessel, G.T. Barkema
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Semigroups on Spaces of Measures
Promotor: S.M. Verduyn Lunel, Co-promotor: S.C. Hille
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Bhattacharyya Lab - Quantum transport in 2D materials
The research group of Semonti Bhattacharyya at the Leiden Institute of Physics studies quantum transport measurements in Van der Waals heterostructures.
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On transport properties of Weyl semimetals
Promotor: C. W. J. Beenakker, Yu. V. Nazarov, Co-promotor: J. Tworzydlo
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Shaping proteins to understand chaperone-related diseases
Alireza Mashaghi and his research team have created a new framework to understand shapes of proteins and DNA. With this framework, many diseases can be understood better.
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Publications
Relevant publications of the CIGR participants.
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Luca Giomi Group - Soft and Bio Mechanics
We are interested in understanding the mechanics of soft materials, of which biological materials are prominent examples.
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Spin-momentum locking in oxide interfaces and in Weyl semimetals
Electrons in a crystal lattice have properties that may differ from those of a free electron in vacuum.
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Anyonic, cosmic, and chaotic: three faces of Majorana fermions
In my thesis I study Majorana fermions from three different perspectives. The first one corresponds to non-interacting Majorana fermions that, however, pose non-trivial topological properties. The second one corresponds to strongly interacting Majoranas and the third to relic neutrinos. No one knows…
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Cross-talk between stagnation points in flow and orientation
Publication in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
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Shocks and failure in fragile matter
Vitelli
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Our approach
Our group operates at the cross-roads of different disciplines: molecular and cellular microbiology, biochemistry, structural biology and biophysics. The group harbors expertise in a multitude of molecular and cellular approaches including:
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Expertise
The CIGR brings together a diverse range of unique expertise in genome research rooted in biology, chemistry and physics. Members of the CIGR investigate genome folding and genome transactions. An important aspect is direct as well as long term relevance for medicine. The available expertise extends…
- Interdisciplinary Activity Grants
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Overview
The Division of Systems Pharmacology and Pharmacy (SPP) aims to develop precision medicine approaches to characterise and predict variation in treatment response and enhance translational drug development strategies.